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Murder on the Safari

Husband took time off in lieu yesterday and today. Rather uncharacteristically, if I may say. We had been totally unsuccessful in trying to get son to visit the London Zoo. We think it would be educational for him. After all, that's what all parents do during school holidays, isn't it? (No?) Son refuses to go saying that he does not like seeing animals in cages. He must have seen images of London Zoo on TV to come to such a conclusion. Next best thing we thought was travel a short distance up the M1 to a safari park. There, we assured son, animals are allowed to roam free and not kept in cages. He agreed to go. We got there, queued up to pay to get in. Soon frustration set in. After spotting the North American Bison, the Chapman's Zebra, Common Eland, Kafue Lechwe (antelope), Asian Elephant, etc, we were stuck in queue behind a long line of cars, stuck behind an MPV that refused to move. 'Look at her! husband exploded, 'And I bet it's a her. Totally oblivious to

Cold (2)

It wasn't cold I felt. I had the chills and other symptoms of a recurring health problem. Dragged myself to the GP, son in tow. Tiredness persisted, but still life has to go on. Including making sure customers get the orders they made. Very thankful that son is usually cooperative. Back to Organic-Ally .

Cold

It's half-term. Kid at home. Husband at work. Me? Full of cold. This sneezing business is really tiring. I feel cold all the time too. Thankfully son is well able to entertain himself (but not exclusively in front of the TV). Back to Organic-Ally .

Parenting an Only

It's been a rather busy week. Two visits to the optometrist and two mornings at work. 'Work'? What's that? I can't remember the last time I was actually paid to work. It must have been nearly ten years ago. Since then I've been a full-time mum, occasional academic, regular parent volunteer at school, community groups, etc, mainly in services for women and children, and only recently added 'eco-entrepreneur' to the list. The nursery my son attended needed a 'helper' two mornings this week and I was asked to do that. Did I enjoy it? Yes, it was great helping the children do things like put on their coats, encouraging them to complete play activities, and I don't even mind the mundane tasks like cutting out shapes from old cereal boxes for their glueing activites, washing up milk bottles, even cleaning the toilets (which is not my job at home). But would I do this on a regular basis? Honestly? No. It has however given me opportunities to compare

Going organic -- slowly

I was 'in conversation' with another happy customer. He tells me that "when things need replacing we try and replace them with an organic/fairtrade option". I think that is just such a sensible way to go. Like him, we are slowly switching over to organic bedding. Although the definition for 'need replacing' is slightly modified in my case. My son and I both have sensitive skin and some things have been making us itch. I wonder if it is the cheap cotton sheets we've been using. Up till now we've been buying bedding on the basis of whether they look good. For example, son was into anything to do with space/exploration, so we went and got him bedding with a 'space' theme on it. At that time I had no idea what harm conventional cotton was doing and the effect of conventional cotton on the skin. Some places offer such 'cheap' options that we -- I, really -- had succumbed to the temptation and had bought what I thought would suit us and our s

Rant: Buses

It took me an hour (ONE HOUR) to travel that one mile or so to get from my house to the local hospital. A dear friend of ours had a stroke (minor one, thank God) and I had to go visit him. It is no distance at all to drive to the hospital. But taking into consideration the parking charges, carbon emission and the supposed convenience of a particular bus service, I thought, surely the bus is preferred. Standing for more than half an hour in the freezing weather wasn't any fun. The bus time-table declares the bus frequency as 'every 8 to 11 minutes'. The young man in front of me -- he was waiting when I got there -- had had enough and walked off to the main bus station. I was rehearsing in my head what I would say to the bus driver. I was not going to pay as I should, legally, have my money back if the service was late. There was no need for that. When the bus came, it was full. The guy who (jumped queue and) went ahead of me couldn't get to pay and was told to hop in the

No Japanese Buns Today

It's been hyped up. 'China in London', thanks to the Mayor. Cold weather. Trafalgar Square where son won't be able to see a thing in the crowd? No, thank you. We all headed down to Oriental City in Colindale instead. But every other Chinese person and family seemed to be doing the same. We were stuck in grid-lock traffic on the access road to the carpark. It didn't help that huge lorries were parked on one side and other cars were parked on the other. Cars heading out were blocked as cars heading in wouldn't give way. "All it takes is someone to give way. Let someone else go," husband said. So he waited as we could see some drivers struggling to edge their cars past the lorries. Toot-toot. Drivers behind us were getting impatient. We kept waiting, knowing that we couldn't go anywhere further than thirty yards away any way. Toot-toot. He's had enough. Swung the car round us and went ahead of us. "Brilliant!" fumed my husband. "Wha

String bags at 10% discount

My PSP (Payment Service Provider) is upping the charge on every online order made on my site. So I am lowering the price on the string bag bundles by 10% until end of February so that they do not have the satisfaction of making more money from this price increase immediately. But the prices will have to return to 'normal' for the long-term survival of this business and mission of reducing plastic and paper usage. Please do tell all your friends and family about this. Do buy bundles to give away!! Back to Organic-Ally .

Has 'golden rice' lost its shine?

The more I look into the Institute of Science in Society website, the more fascinated I become. There is such a wealth of information here pertaining to GM technology, sustainability, organic farming, etc, that it makes me feel good that there is good science to back up my philosophy. In that sense, knowledge should not be compartmentalized: science only for the scientists, classics for the classicists, humanities for the humanists (aren't we all humanists as such?). I was a pure science student at 'A' Levels, spent hundreds of hours in the laboratory, and then when I returned to university after working to raise some money was greeted by one of my favourite lecturers with: 'But you were a science student. Why are you opting for Philosophy?' The whole idea of 'university', to a great extent, is to 'universalize' (ie expand) one's horizon. There should be depth as well as breadth. But so much of current so-called 'university education' in

Oats as a gift?

Chinese New Year is upon us soon, this Sunday, and I'm feelings the pangs of homesickness a bit during times like this. For some reason we have not been able to get to Oriental City or the nearby Chinese supermarkets to top up on festive supplies. So when husband came home with a tin of goodies from M, his Malaysian colleague, I was delighted. When son came home this evening he asked to try the thin wafer-like biscuits he'd seen me eating. 'I'd like to try the oats,' he said. I could not understand why he kept calling the biscuits (which we call 'love letter') 'oats'. Then I realized that he was reading the label on the tin the 'love letters' were in. It was indeed a 'Quaker Oats' tin. What son did not realize was that M had re-used a tin for the 'love letters'. She had also taken the trouble to cut out a Chinese character ('happiness', gold on red background, very auspicious colours) and stuck it on the top of the tin

Hand up not hand-outs

When we ponder the issues of sustainability, disaster response and international aid, one cannot help but wonder if bigger organizations with their economies of scale or the small NGOs (espousing the 'small is beautiful' principle) with their local knowledge are better placed to serve the needs of those who need the help most. It is blatantly clear now that giving money does not help. Billions of pounds of aid have been given to/through corrupt governments and the evidence of improvement on the ground is zilch. My cousin and her husband work 'at the coal face' so to speak in supporting victims of major disasters. Raising the money is not a problem. It's getting the permission from corrupt governments to rebuild (eg after the tsunami) that so frustrates. Government departments, cronies of rulers, bureaucracy all stand in the way of people with the ability to help. I go for the holistic approach. Joined-up thinking you might choose to call it. It's not good giving

It's not nice being not nice

I spend most Friday mornings helping to run a parent-and-toddler (PNT) group checking in toddlers and their parents/carers at the reception desk. There are lots of health and safety issues in the current climate and we are careful that people are accounted for. In case of fire, for example, I am supposed to grab the attendance cards and run. In the area where this group is run (by volunteers at a local church), there is a great demand for PNT places. Childminders are now required by OFSTED or OF-whatever government department to take the children they care for to a PNT group. But it's volunteers like us who run such groups. The government is not giving money to set up PNT groups and yet they require childminders to attend such groups. Perhaps a reader could enlighten me on how the logic works. In a normal PNT group, children grow up, go to school, move on, and another toddler could take its place. As a result of this blinkered policy, childminders clog up the vacancies we have and

Applying science to society

In academia there's always the purists (or theorists) versus the applied people. The former deals with concepts and often intangibles and some might even say untestables. The latter (and I fall very much into this group) is concerned with applying knowledge to the real world. I was really pleased to find this site: http://www.i-sis.org.uk/susag.php Basically it's scientists helping us to understand and argue for/against different applications of science. There are articles about organic cotton and organic farming: http://www.i-sis.org.uk/ROC.php http://www.i-sis.org.uk/BrPaulsOrganicFarm.php http://www.i-sis.org.uk/OrganicFreedom.php Back to Organic-Ally .

Assaulted at our own front door

Saturday afternoon and we all look forward to family time, right? Door bell rings and a man tries to sell husband 'cheap phone calls'. Not interested, said he, as our phone bill is so small in the first place. An hour later, door bell rings again. This time, pretty young girl talks to him. Our phone rings and I had to get up from my sewing machine to answer the phone. Caller: [well, actually I couldn't make out what he was trying to say]. Me: Who do you want to speak to? Caller: [still can't make out what he was trying to say, but no mention of name I could identify]. Me: I think you've got the wrong number. Caller [shouting]: Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. Pizza! Order pizza. Me: Not pizza. We don't sell pizza. Caller [shouting even louder]: Order pizza. Me: No pizza. Wrong number. Private home. Caller: Pizza! I hung up. He didn't even say "sorry". While at the door husband tells pretty young thing, 'No, I'm not interested.' Prett

Sustainable development or sustainable population?

I am pleased somebody far more qualified than I am in this matter said it first. In view of what I wrote in my last blog on GM technology being touted as the saviour of starving populations in years to come, Professor Rapley's call to go back to basics to discuss first of all how many people this earth could reasonably sustain seems common sense. See Population size 'green priority' and Earth is too crowded for Utopia . Comments? Back to Organic-Ally .

Salty Padi Fields

Backache and a crick in the neck have prevented me from writing as much as I wanted to. We missed the first of the Ri (ie Royal Institution) Christmas Lectures on TV. The rest we taped and watched together with our son. He enjoyed it thoroughly. Aimed especially at children, Sir John Krebs made science surrounding "Food Matters" so very accessible. Why can't all teachers bring lessons alive like that? Sir John tried to debunk several myths about food. Most of these points are just common sense when we think of it. But the demonstrations and visual aids were effective in putting the messages across. Then he touched on "Food for the Future" and the controversial GM foods. Mention "GM" and we conjure up pictures of GM crops contaminating other crops to produce "superweeds" which cannot be controlled. Sir John did not dwell on this. Instead he discussed the possibility that a food like rice could be genetically modified so that it can be grown in

What about sustainable development?

I went to bed last night thinking about how unsustainable the current consumer-driven economy is and woke up this morning to read: 90% underground water in China polluted . Cities in northern China have been the most polluted with increasingly more pollutants, causing economic losses worth of [sic] dozens of billions of US dollars.  When I say (in many places in this blog and on Organic-Ally ) that buying 'cheap' has its long-term repercussions, readers might think that I am a snob. So perhaps I should change my tune and say 'cheap' is not sustainable.  Just before Christmas British fishermen were told that their quota of cod that could be landed is to be reduced by 5% (if I remember correctly). Demand for cod has led to over-fishing in the North Sea. Even juvenile fish have been landed resulting in their not being able to reproduce, thus further reducing the stock of cod. Very soon, there won't be any cod and the cod fishermen will simply have nowt. Is this sustai

How to have a stress-free Christmas

It has been my most stress-free Christmas. I have memories of in-laws rushing about fretting over bread sauce and stuffing and the lot, mum-in-law lamenting that my table was not dressed properly as I did not have any table decorations. "O! I'll make you one next year." She hadn't noticed that we have a very narrow table and there is simply no room for decorations. As a Christian, I know full well that Christmas is about remembering the birth of Jesus and its implications on my personal life. It is also, for me, a celebration of time with loved ones. As someone who had spent several Christmases on my own when I first came to work in this country, Christmas is also a time to share hospitality with those with no family, as a sort of replay of that "no room at the inn" scenario. Last year, with husband being so ill that Christmas nearly had to be "cancelled" , I am thankful that he is in good health this year. In the run-up to Christmas I have been as

Cheap, plentiful, harmful Part II

I forgot to mention in my last post that retailers and supermarkets in UK have been up in arms about a EU proposal that seeks to stop China from "dumping" cheap plastic bags here. See article here . The article also tells us that every year an estimated 17.5 BILLION plastic bags are given away by supermarkets, equivalent to about 290 bags for every person in the UK." Well, I don't collect 290 bags a year, and neither does my husband nor my son. So someone else must be collecting our 290 x 3 bags every year. We are also told that "The average plastic bag made in China costs between 1p and 2p, although fancy bags used by fashion shops could cost double that. A retailer such as Marks & Spencer might use 200 million bags every year." The retailers are afraid that a tariff on these bags from China would increase their overheads. This proposed tariff has come about because "30 EU manufacturers complained that Asian competitors were selling bags for expo

Cheap, plentiful and this harmful

So there is a second toxic chemical spill in a China river today: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4548046.stm The first spill, resulting from a Nov 13 explosion at a chemical plant upriver from Harbin, has reached Russia: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4551842.stm Eventually, these harmful chemicals are going to reach the sea. According to a report in http://service.spiegel.de/cache/international/spiegel/0,1518,387392,00.html , authorities cited human error at a tower that processed benzene, a toxic, potentially cancer-causing chemical used in making plastics , detergents and pesticides . Here's some information about benzene: http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/benzene/basics/facts.asp Another reason to reduce the use of plastic? Developed nations accuse China of being slack in their health and safety regime resulting in such environmental disasters. If there isn't a demand for cheap plastic and pesticides, would China be producing these chemicals in such quanti

This day last year

Is not a day I wish to re-live. Yet I cannot forget it. Until last year December 22nd was remembered as my late mother's birthday. Last year husband was so ill he didn't get a wink of sleep, and neither did I. He had to go to the toilet about, we've lost count, twenty times? during the night, throwing up both ends. He suffers from an inflammatory bowel disease and was on heavy medication with very undesirable side-effects. His condition was so serious that this standard medication did not work on him. He was also very susceptible to infection and something triggered off this horrendous flare-up. After that sleepless night I emailed family and friends all over the world to say: Pray! If he couldn't keep his food down, he would have to be put on a drip. That means being in hospital over Christmas. That would have been quite unthinkable for young son. I also needed wisdom as to what to feed him to get his energy back. Meanwhile, we had invited a girl who was going to be on

What's the point? (Why I Hate Shopping, Part III)

The lines in front of "customer service" at M&S after Christmas. And Next, and BHS, and you name it. Gift-buyers labour over what to buy before Christmas and recipients labour over returning these gifts straight after Christmas. What's the point? Stick to gold, frankincense and myrrh the next time? Years ago before husband became boyfriend: What would you like for Christmas? Me: I don't need anything for Christmas. Him: I didn't say "What do you need ?". What do you want for Christmas. Me: I don't want anything for Christmas. His aunt insists on buying us stuff and she has to lug it all the way to us on the Tube. This year she is only allowed to buy us both a box of chocolates and a book for our son. I bet she'd show up at the door laden with pressies. I shall have to say to her, as if she was at the airport: Sorry, Ma'am, the parcels have gone past the weight limit. We can't accept this. The thing is she had rung to ask my son what

Why do I hate shopping? Part II

I took my son and visiting nephew to lunch last Friday. Then son and I looked around a couple of shops for some reading material and shoes for him. At WHSmith I suddenly felt -- rather strangely -- hey! my phobia for shopping meant I am missing out on all this festive atmosphere. It's actually quite fun. There's a feeling of adrenalin in the air as people strive to complete their shopping. About twenty minutes later, after son had decided on the Horrid Henry book he wanted from another shop, we stepped out into the shopping precinct and I felt like we had been invaded. There were hordes of high school children out and about. They seemed to be hunting in packs. Some of them were behaving in such a manner that at least one shop pulled their doors half-shut and stationed a security guard at the door. I felt so threatened and son and I made our way out of those crowds as quickly as we could. I still hate shopping. Back to Organic-Ally .

How not to shop. Or Why do I hate shopping so much?

There is nothing in my size and colour and the heaving crowds put me off. My eyes get tired from looking at the range of clothes and useless items on display. I think of the poor girl/young lady/young man/boy paid a pittance for long hours of back-breaking, fine-finger work and I can't bear to part with money that would only fund the profligate lifestyle of the (often corrupt) owner/businessman who might just happen to be at the right place at the right time, or who network with the right people, or who have the means to make donations to certain political parties, or all of the above. There is no room in my wardrobe and until I throw out something that I have outgrown or needs replacing, I do not need another cheap jacket/blouse/skirt/pair of trousers, etc. And then only if I have the means to arrange for these to be recycled properly. Living simply does not mean living cheaply. It means learning how to spend one's money wisely. As an impoverished undergraduate I once bought

Egghead?

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Our son came home from school last week with this in his school bag: Both Husband and I had a good chuckle. For those who find it difficult to decipher what he has written: It's entitled 'egg Poem' and it says "I am a stupid egg. I don't know a thing." He calls this a 'shape poem'. They had been doing one in the shape of a Christmas tree in class. Somehow he was inspired to do this during his 'golden time'. I was a bit concerned with the sentiment expressed. 'Do you feel you are stupid?' 'No, Mum, it's only a poem.' My boy is growing up so fast. Back to Organic-Ally .

Stamping out waste

The Royal Mail has announced that it is going to raise the price of its First Class stamps again. My son made a catapult out of two toilet roll cardboard tubes. What have the two in common? The humble elastic band. Son had collected two tubes. He asked for Mummy's help to make two diametrically opposite holes near the rim of the first tube. He cut up an elastic band, threaded it through these holes and stretched the elastic band across, and taped the ends of the band down the outside of the tube. The second tube he cut right down the side and snipped off a piece of it and joined it up together again with tape to turn it into a narrower tube. He then cut notches on diametrically opposite sides of one rim. This second (now) narrower tube is pushed, notched rim end first, into the first wider tube against the stretched elastic band. The notches in the inner tube ensures that the elastic band on the outer tube is properly engaged. He turns it over on the floor to get a grip on both tub

Tiffin on sale

Been very busy lately with fund-raising projects at son's school to organize and just back from a Christmas party we organize for parents-and-toddlers who come to our weekly groups. But I must tell you about what I discovered late last night. Bishopston , the people who supply my organic cotton fabric with which I make gift bags now sell a tiffin carrier for Christmas. Here's the link (sorry, link broken). If you've missed previous blogs about the use of a tiffin, you can catch up here , or here . I am not sure if they would still have these after Christmas. Back to Organic-Ally .

Men who multi-task

This piece has got nothing to do with the environment. It is just an observation I made recently. Last year I had the privilege of being awarded a research grant by the British Academy to conduct research on graduate stay-at-home mothers in Singapore. It was an interesting topic of study as mothers in Singapore are expected to work. Many leave their two-month-old infants to the care of foreign maids hardly out of their teenage years to return to full-time work. Graduate mothers, especially, are expected to return to work full-time after the 'investment' by the country in their university education. To quit work altogether to become a stay-at-home mother is very much counter-cultural. One of the most interesting interviews I conducted was with a woman engineer, a mother of three young children. As with every other interviewee she mentioned that one of the skills she honed as a stay-at-home mother is to multi-task. "I am talking to my friend on the phone while watching my ch

Wiping away ancient forests

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For those who have not come to this blog via links I posted in other forums, this might be of interest: Destroying the Boreal Forest Back to Organic-Ally .

Dragons' Den or Parasites' Puddle?

I've watched two or three Dragons' Den programme so far and I was really cross with what I saw in the last programme. A Yorkshire man who invented a device that would save water when flushing toilets was slagged off for being an 'eco-warrior' and written off as uninvestible. He was deemed more interested in saving the world than succeeding in his business. This inventor-entrepreneur was described as arrogant and questions were raised about whether he expected people to look at their own p-- before flushing. This requires a change in habit and the 'Dragons' were not convinced that the device would sell. These 'Dragons' simply didn't get it, did they? The environment has come to such a state that people MUST change their habits and if there are gadgets and tools to help people to do so, then such are to be applauded. They have no idea how fast the market size for earth-friendly products is growing. (As an aside, there is such a high incidence of colon

Mustard Seed Conspiracy

A lay member of the congregation preached today and reminded us of what Jesus said about a mustard seed: MT 13:31 He told them another parable: "The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed, which a man took and planted in his field. 32 Though it is the smallest of all your seeds, yet when it grows, it is the largest of garden plants and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and perch in its branches." I first read the book Mustard Seed Conspiracy by Tom Sine many years ago when I was asked to lead a three-session workshop at the Varsity Christian Fellowship Annual Conference on 'Living Simply'. I didn't like the title of the workshop. It implies that we must 'simplify', reduce and do without. In other words, be poor. As I mingled incognito with the undergraduates, it was clear that many of those coming to my workshop were there only because they did not get their first three choices of workshops and had to come to mine. Poor things! These ar

Home-made Gift Wr-pper

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Or Killing Two Birds with One Stone I think single-use p-per* wr-pper is such a waste of space. I shan't rehearse the arguments against it here. But you can read more about it here . I've been presenting gifts to my son's classmates in my cloth gift bags . But I was stuck once when a gift didn't fit in any of the bags I have and I was still awaiting delivery of the new stock of organic cotton fabric I had ordered. Solution? It was the summer holiday and I needed to keep my son occupied. We did some potato printing. We'd done this when he was much younger and he enjoyed it. You know the pap-r that comes in parcels as p-ck-ging? I smooth these pap-rs out for making (star) charts and for son to draw on. You can also use these for potato printing, kitchen-roll rolling (tie and tape jute string around the cardboard roll, brush over with paint and roll onto pap-r to make lovely patterns) or simply sponging. We became a little 'factory' making pap-r wr-pper and use

What do rich people do for a treat?

Son won the Junior School Shield this week. (Yay!) The Shield is awarded each week to a different boy for different achievements apart from showing 'the most consideration for others'. The boys know that it is an honour and my son was delighted. When Husband came back and asked him what he wanted for a reward for that unexpected achievement, his answer was: eat in front of the TV. He was watching his Children's Bedtime Hour and all he wanted was eat in front of the TV. Obviously this is not something he is allowed to do. We make it a habit to sit down for dinner and the TV is always switched off at meals. Husband came into the kitchen where I was and chuckled, 'That's all he wanted, eat in front of the TV.' Which reminded me of a conversation we had in the run-up to our wedding. We were in Singapore with the friend who was going to give the 'exhortation' at our wedding, and his family. His wife worked with very rich children in an international school an

How green is your competence?

I'd just sent off a courier who's driven up from Bristol to get my signature on an important form and now must get it back to Leeds. It was a matter of urgency as we were haemorrhaging money with each passing hour. The root of this? Incompetence. A simple thing like a document sent by registered post was signed for and then mysteriously disappeared meant that this courier needed to drive those miles with one piece of paper in one envelope to get to me, and drive many more miles even further away (to a third destination) to stop this haemorrhage. Incompetence costs money, I've always known that. But it made me realise that incompetence, a lousy work ethos, a lack of initiative, ignorance, etc all contribute to unnecessary damage to this earth. It's not only just a question of what we eat and drink, or wear, how we use water and power, etc. Back to Organic-Ally .

How unethical would sir like his chicken?

So I ripped off the title from The Times writer Martin Samuel. This is his piece on how 'Our food is either cheap (yes, please) or organic (gosh, a bit pricey). Amazingly enough, you can't have both': http://www.timesonline.co.uk/newspaper/0,,171-1872148,00.html As I said before in my original website, BSE came about when people wanted to buy cheap. Cheap now often means a higher price further down the line. Changing the vegetarian diet of cattle led to disastrous results. The only people who did not get blamed for the BSE crisis were the consumers who wanted to buy cheap. There is a much higher price to buying cheap. Chicken is now cheap. As Martin Samuel said, this is achieved by 'putting fowl together in wire cages, with a legal space requirement per chicken that equates to three-quarters of a sheet of A4 paper'. So these chicken live and sleep in their own p--p (being very wary of the AdNoSense effect). Moral of the story: 'You can’t have cheap ethical chic

Fathers and Discipline

During our 'weekend away', the speaker also dwelt on discipline as we continued our study of the Book of Hebrews: HEB 12:7 Endure hardship as discipline; God is treating you as sons. For what son is not disciplined by his father? 8 If you are not disciplined (and everyone undergoes discipline), then you are illegitimate children and not true sons. 9 Moreover, we have all had human fathers who disciplined us and we respected them for it. The speaker shared of her knowledge of Chinese families where parents give no encouragement at all to their children. If they came back with 95% on a test, they are asked what happened to the five per cent they did not attain instead of commending their children for doing well. I understood what she said. Mother was the encourager. She was the one who checked my homework and made sure I had all my sums right. She expected me to go to university. I worried about not being able to pay tuition fees. She said, 'You just continue to work as you d